Lawyers have always handled internal investigations. It consists in bringing to light facts on behalf of a company. Such a process has always existed when prepping for a case, for example. Legal entities called on lawyers to investigate directly or indirectly facts in relation to possible criminal or administrative sanctions, or even civil claims. However, under the influence of the US practice, internal investigations have become a formal process, this is due to the fact that it could lead to extensive negotiations with enforcement authorities, notably, in the field of competition or corruption enforcement, indeed lawyers need to justify the process used to conduct this investigation and the strategic choices made during the investigation.